Hookahs Bibliography

Rezk-Hanna, M.; Maziak, W., “Unsubstantiated claims by the hookah tobacco industry to exempt flavored hookah tobacco products from flavor bans,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], June 21, 2024.

Yan, Y.Y.; Ye, F.; Ho, M.H.; Yeung, K.C.Y.; Lee, J.J., “Biomarkers of waterpipe tobacco smoke exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 26(6): 655-662, June 2024.

Lee, J.J.; Yeung, K.C.Y.; Wang, M.P.; et al., “Circumventing tobacco control and safety policies to promote waterpipe use in smoking venues: the perspective of staff in waterpipe smoking venues,” Tobacco Control 32(4): 509-512, July 2023.

Abadi, D.R.V.; Tahmasbizadeh, M.; Arfaeinia, H.; Masjedi, M.R.; Ramavandi, B.; Poureshgh, Y., “Biomonitoring of unmetabolized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urine of waterpipe/cigarette café workers,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research International 30(9): 22728-22742, February 2023.

Shearston, J.A.; Eazor, J.; Lee, L.; Ruzmyn Vilcassim, M.J.; Reed, T.A.; Ort, D.; Weitzman, M.; Gordon, T., “Effects of electronic cigarettes and hookah (waterpipe) use on home air quality,” Tobacco Control 32(1): 36-41, January 2023.

Gautam, P.; Sharma, E.; Li, T.; Maziak, W., “Prevalence and predictors of waterpipe smoking cessation among young adults in the US: findings from a population-based study,” Addictive Behaviors 135: 107457, December 2022.

Tabatabaei, Z.; Hoseini, M.; Fararooei, M.; Shamsedini, N.; Baghapour, M.A., “Biomonitoring of BTEX in primary school children exposed to hookah smoke,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research [Online ahead of print], May 13, 2022.

Arfaeinia, H.; Masjedi, M.R.; Jafari, A.J.; Ahmadi, E., “Urinary level of heavy metals in people working in smoking cafés,” Environmental Research 207: 112110, May 1, 2022.

Samara, F.; Alam, I.A.; ElSayed, Y., “Midwakh: assessment of levels of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine in dokha tobacco smoke,” Journal of Analytical Toxicology 46(3): 295-302, March 21, 2022.

Rezk-Hanna, M.; Gupta, R.; Nettle, C.O.; Dobrin, D.; Cheng, C.W.; Means, A.; Brecht, M.L.; Tashkin, D.P.; Araujo, J.A., “Differential effects of electronic hookah vaping and traditional combustible hookah smoking on oxidation, inflammation, and arterial stiffness,” Chest 161(1): 208–218, January 1, 2022.

Lipkus, I.M.; Sanders, C.; Mays, D., “Influencing perceptions of harm of waterpipe tobacco smoking among one member of couples who use waterpipe,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], December 25, 2021.

Abi-Gerges, A.; Dagher-Hamalian, C.; Abou-Khalil, P.; Chahine, J.B.; Hachem, P.; Khalil, C., “Evaluation of waterpipe smoke toxicity in C57BL/6 mice model,”

Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 63: 101940, August 2021.

Fu, M.; Feliu, A.; Fernández, E., “Shishas: another way of tobacco smoking…another source of exposure to toxic compounds,” Archives of Bronconeumology 57(7): 449-450, July 2021.

Hanewinkel, R.; Morgenstern, M.; Sargent, J.D.; Goecke, M.; Isensee, B., “Waterpipe smoking and subsequent cigarette and e-cigarette use: a cohort study,” ERJ Open Research 7(3): 00371-2021, July 2021.

Wagener, T.L.; Leavens, E.L.S.; Mehta, T.; Hale, J.; Shihadeh, A.; Eissenberg, T.; Halquist, M.; Brinkman, M.C.; Johnson, A.L.; Floyd, E.L.; Ding, K.; El Hage, R.; Salman, R., “Impact of flavors and humectants on waterpipe tobacco smoking topography, subjective effects, toxicant exposure and intentions for continued use,” Tobacco Control 30(4): 366-372, July 2021.

Masjedi, M.R.; Dobaradaran, S.; Keshmiri, S.; Taghizadeh, F.; Arfaeinia, H.; Fanaei, F.; Behroozi, M.; Nasrzadeh, F.; Joukar, M., “Use of toenail-bounded heavy metals to characterize occupational exposure and oxidative stress in workers of waterpipe/cigarette cafés,” Environmental Geochemistry and Health 43(5): 1783-1797, May 2021.

Crape, B.L.; Yakhiyayeva, T.; Kadyrzhanuly, K.; Gusmanov, A.; Sadykova, D., “Hookah venue employees’ knowledge and perceptions of hookah tobacco smoking,” Tobacco Control 30(3): 299-304, May 2021.

Rezk-Hanna, M.; Holloway, I.W.; Toyama, J.; Warda, U.S.; Berteau, L.C.; Brecht, M.L.; Sarna, L., “Transitions in hookah (waterpipe) smoking by U.S. sexual minority adults between 2013 and 2015: the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Wave 1 and Wave 2,” BMC Public Health 21(1): 445, March 5, 2021.

Keller-Hamilton, B.; Mehta, T.; Hale, J.J.; Leavens, E.L.S.; Shihadeh, A.; Eissenberg, T.; Brinkman, M.C.; Wagener, T.L., “Effects of flavourants and humectants on waterpipe tobacco puffing behaviour, biomarkers of exposure and subjective effects among adults with high versus low nicotine dependence,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], January 6, 2021.

Travers, M.J.; Rivard, C.; Sharma, E.; Retzky, S.; Yucesoy, B.; Goniewicz, M.L.; Stanton, C.A.; Chen, J.; Callahan-Lyon, P.; Kimmel, H.L.; Xia, B.; Wang, Y.; Sosnoff, C.S.; De Jesús, V.R.; Blount, B.C.; Hecht, S.S.; Hyland, A., “Biomarkers of exposure among USA adult hookah users: results from Wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013-2014),” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17(17): 6403, September 2, 2020.

Al Oweini, D.; Jawad, M.; Akl, E.A., “The association of waterpipe tobacco smoking with later initiation of cigarette smoking: a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring the gateway theory,” Tobacco Control 29(5): 577-584, September 2020.

El Shahawy, O.; Park, S.H.; Rogers, E.S.; Shearston, J.A.; Thompson, A.B.; Cooper, S.C.; Freudenberg, N.; Ball, S.A.; Abrams, D.; Shelley, D.; Sherman, S.E., “Hookah use patterns, social influence and associated other substance use among a sample of New York City public university students,” Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy 15(1): 65, August 28, 2020.

Shekhar, S.; Hannah-Shmouni, F., “Hookah smoking and COVID-19: call for action,” Canadian Medical Association Journal [Online ahead of print], April 6, 2020.

El Hourani, M.; Salman, R.; Talih, S.; Saliba, N.A.; Shihadeh, A., “Does the bubbler scrub key toxicants from waterpipe tobacco smoke? Measurements and modeling of CO, NO, PAH, nicotine, and particulate matter uptake,” Chemical Research in Toxicology 33(3): 727-730, March 16, 2020.

Rezk-Hanna, M.; Nelson, M.D.; Rader, F.; Benowitz, N.L.; Rosenberry, R.; Chang, L.C.; Li, N.; Tashkin, D.P.; Elashoff, R.M.; Victor, R.G., “Peripheral blood flow changes to cutaneous and muscular beds in response to acute hookah smoking,” American Journal of Cardiology [Online ahead of print], March 14, 2020.

Badran, M.; Laher, I., “Waterpipe (shisha, hookah) smoking, oxidative stress and hidden disease potential,” Redox Biology [Online ahead of print], February 11, 2020.

Maziak, W.; Sharma, E., “Building the evidence base for waterpipe regulation and policy,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], November 25, 2019.

Ben Taleb, Z.; Vargas, M.; Ebrahimi Kalan, M.; Breland, A.; Eissenberg, T.; Brown, D.; Maziak, W., “The effect of flavoured and non-flavoured tobacco on subjective experience, topography and toxicant exposure among waterpipe smokers,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], November 25, 2019.

Kulak, J.A.; Bover Manderski, M.T.; Delnevo, C.D.; Hrywna, M.; Homish, G.G.; Giovino, G.A., “Differential trends in hookah use among New Jersey youth,” Preventing Chronic Disease 16: 190097, October 10, 2019.

Qasim, H.; Alarabi, A.B.; Alzoubi, K.H.; Karim, Z.A.; Alshbool, F.Z.; Khasawneh, F.T., “The effects of hookah/waterpipe smoking on general health and the cardiovascular system,” Environmental Health Prevention Medicine 24(1): 58, September 14, 2019.

Eddingsaas, N.C.; Hensel, E.C.; O’Dea, S.; Kunselman, P.; DiFrancesco, A.G.; Robinson, R.J., “Effect of user puffing topography on total particulate matter, nicotine and volatile carbonyl emissions from narghile waterpipes,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], August 12, 2019.

Al Oweini, D.; Jawad, M.; Akl, E.A., “The association of waterpipe tobacco smoking with later initiation of cigarette smoking: a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring the gateway theory,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], July 30, 2019.

Naddafi, K.; Nabizadeh, R.; Rostamy, R.; Ebrahimi Kalan, M.; Hassanvand, M.S.; Fazlzadeh, M., “Indoor air quality in waterpipe cafés: exposure level to particulate matter,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research [Online ahead of print], July 10, 2019.

Azagba, S.; Latham, K.; Shan, L., “Waterpipe tobacco smoking trends among middle and high school students in the United States from 2011 to 2017,” Drug and Alcohol Dependence 200: 19-25, July 1, 2019.

El Hourani, M.; Talih, S.; Salman, R.; Karaoghlanian, N.; Karam, E.; El Hage, R.; Saliba, N.A.; Shihadeh, A., “Comparison of CO, PAH, nicotine, and aldehyde emissions in waterpipe tobacco smoke generated using electrical and charcoal heating methods,”

Chemical Research in Toxicology 32(6): 1235-1240, June 17, 2019.

Al-Sawalha, N.A.; Alzoubi, K.H.; Khabour, O.F.; Alyacoub, W.; Almahmood, Y., “Effect of waterpipe tobacco smoke exposure during lactation on learning and memory of offspring rats: role of oxidative stress,” Life Sciences 227: 58-63, June 15, 2019.

Kaplan, B.; Sussan, T.; Rule, A.; Moon, K.; Grau-Perez, M.; Olmedo, P.; Chen, R.; Carkoglu, A.; Levshin, V.; Wang, L.; Watson, C.; Blount, B.; Calafat, A.M.; Jarrett, J.; Caldwell, K.; Wang, Y.; Breysse, P.; Strickland, P.; Cohen, J.; Biswal, S.; Navas-Acien, A., “Waterpipe tobacco smoke: characterization of toxicants and exposure biomarkers in a cross-sectional study of waterpipe employees,” Environment International 127: 495-502, June 2019.

Seidenberg, A.B.; Orlan, E.N.; Travers, M.J.; Sufin, E.L., “Air quality and presence of air ventilation systems inside waterpipe cafés in North Carolina,” Tobacco Control 28(3): 356-358, May 2019.

Leavens, E.L.S.; Morgan, T.L.; Brett, E.I.; Lee, K.; Son, J.; Molina, N.; Eissenberg, T.; Shihadeh, A.; Leffingwell, T.R.; Wagener, T.L., “Concurrent alcohol use and waterpipe tobacco smoking: smoking topography, toxicant exposure, and abuse liability,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], March 1, 2019.

Primack, B.A.; Shensa, A.; Sidani, J.E.; Tulikangas, M.C.; Roberts, M.S.; Colditz, J.B.; Mor, M.K.; James, A.E.; Fine, M.J., “Comparison of toxicant load from waterpipe and cigarette tobacco smoking among young adults in the USA,” Tobacco Control 28(1): 60-66, January 2019.

Sezer, R.; Tanrıöver, Ö.; Dirimen Arıkan, G.; Kaçar, M., “A tobacco use survey among university students focusing on waterpipe use and relationship between first-tried tobacco product and becoming an established smoker,” Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 12(4): 281-287, 2018.

Case, K.R.; Creamer, M.R.; Cooper, M.R.; Loukas, A.; Perry, C.L., “Hookah use as a predictor of other tobacco product use: a longitudinal analysis of Texas college students,” Addictive Behaviors 87: 131-137, December 2018.

Bayly , J.; Trad, C.; Saint-Fort, L.; Andrews, M.; Patel, M.; Haynie, D., “Adoption of electronic-cigarette-free, hookah-free and American College Health Association recommended tobacco-free policies among a national sample of postsecondary educational institutions,” Journal of American College Health [Online ahead of print], November 2, 2018.

Brinkman, M.C.; Kim, H.; Buehler, S.S.; Adetona, A.M.; Gordon, S.M.; Clark, P., “Evidence of compensation among waterpipe smokers using harm reduction components,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], October 30, 2018.

Ahmad, I.; Dutra, L.M., “Imitating waterpipe: another tobacco industry attempt to create a cigarette that seems safer,” Addictive Behaviors [Online ahead of print], October 18, 2018.

Kulak, J.A.; Saddleson, M.L.; Travers, M.J.; Bansal-Travers, M.; Homish, G.G.; Mahoney, M.C.; Giovino, G.A., “Examining hookah as an introduction to nicotine products among college students,” Substance Use & Misuse 53(11): 1869-1877, September 19, 2018.

Ben Taleb, Z.; Breland, A.; Bahelah, R.; Ebrahimi Kalan, M.; Vargas-Rivera, M.; Jaber, R.; Eissenberg, T.; Maziak, W., “Flavored versus nonflavored waterpipe tobacco: a comparison of toxicant exposure, puff fopography, subjective experiences, and harm perceptions,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], July 4, 2018.

Agaku, I.; Odani, S.; Armour, B.; Glover-Kudon, R., “Social aspects of hookah smoking among US youth,” Pediatrics [Online ahead of print], July 2, 2018.

Rezk-Hanna, M.; Doering, L.; Robbins, W.; Sarna, L.; Elashoff, R.M.; Victor, R.G., “Acute effect of hookah smoking on arterial stiffness and wave reflections in adults aged 18 to 34 years of age,” American Journal of Cardiology [Online ahead of print], June 4, 2018.

Moon, K.A.; Rule, A.M.; Magid, H.S.; Ferguson, J.; Susan, J.; Sun, Z.; Torrey, C.; Abubaker, S.; Levshin, V.; Çarkoglu, A.; Radwan, G.N.; El-Rabbat, M.; Cohen, J.E.; Strickland, P.; Breysse, P.N.; Navas-Acien, A., “Biomarkers of secondhand smoke exposure in waterpipe tobacco venue employees in Istanbul, Moscow, and Cairo,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 20(4): 482-491, April 2018.

Kassem, N.O.F.; Kassem, N.O.; Liles, S.; Zarth, A.T.; Jackson, S.R.; Daffa, R.M.; Chatfield, D.A.; Carmella, S.G.; Hecht, S.S.; Hovell, M.F., “Acrolein exposure in hookah smokers and non-smokers exposed to hookah tobacco secondhand smoke: implications for regulating hookah tobacco products,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 20(4): 492–501, April 2018.

Kassem, N.O.F.; Kassem, N.O.; Liles, S.; Jackson, S.R.; Posis, A.I.B.; Chatfield, D.A.; Hovell, M.F., “Levels of urine cotinine from hookah smoking and exposure to hookah tobacco secondhand smoke in hookah lounges and homes,” International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction 7(1): e67601, March 2018.

Boley Cruz, T.; McConnell, R.; Wagman Low, B.; Unger, J.B.; Pentz, M.A.; Urman, R.; Berhane, K.; Ping Chou, C.; Liu, F.; Barrington-Trimis, J., “Tobacco marketing and subsequent use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes and hookah in adolescents,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], May 28, 2018.

Barnett, T.E.; Livingston, M.D., “Hookah use among adolescents: differential cognitions about hookah and cigarettes,” Addictive Behaviors75: 75-78, December 2017.

Travers, M.J.; Kulak, J.A.; Vogl, L., “Waterpipe cafés are hazardous to your health: determination of a waterpipe specific calibration factor,” International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health [Online ahead of print], October 12, 2017.

Weitzman, M.; Yusufali, A.H.; Bali, F.; Ruzmyn Vilcassim, M.M.; Gandhi, S.; Peltier, R.; Nadas, A.; Sherman, S.; Lee, L.; Hong, Z.; Shearston, J.; Hyun Park, S.; Gordon, T., “Effects of hookah smoking on indoor air quality in homes,” Tobacco Control 26(5): 586-591, September 2017.

Juhasz, A.; Pap, D.; Barta, I.; Drozdovszky, O.; Egresi, A.; Antus, B., “Kinetics of exhaled carbon monoxide after water-pipe smoking indoors and outdoors,” Chest 151(5): 1051-1057, May 2017.

Cohn, A.M.; Ehlke, S.J.; Cobb, C.O.; Soule, E.K., “Hookah tobacco smoking in a large urban sample of adult cigarette smokers: links with alcohol and poly-tobacco use,” Addictive Behaviors 68: 1-5, May 2017.

Lopez, A.A.; Eissenberg, T.; Jaafar, M.; Afifi, R., “Now is the time to advocate for interventions designed specifically to prevent and control waterpipe tobacco smoking,” Addictive Behavior 66: 41-47, March 2017.

Yillmaz, S.G.; Llerena, A.; De Andrés, F.; Karakas, Ü.; Gündogar, H.; Erciyas, K.; Kimyon, S.; Mete, A.; Güngör, K.; Özdemir, V., “Water pipe (shisha, hookah, arghile) smoking and secondhand tobacco smoke effects on CYP1A2 and CYP2A6 phenotypes as measured by caffeine urine test,” OMICS 21(3): 177-182, March 2017.

Leavens, E.L.; Brett, E.; Frank, S.; Shaikh, R.A.; Leffingwell, T.R.; Croff, J.M.; Wagener, T.L., “Association between breath alcohol concentration and waterpipe lounge patrons’ carbon monoxide exposure: a field investigation,” Drug and Alcohol Dependence 170: 152-155, January 1, 2017.

Zhou, S.; Behrooz, L.; Weitzman, M.; Pan, G.; Vilcassim, R.; Mirowsky, J.E.; Breysee, P.; Rule, A.; Gordon, T., “Secondhand hookah smoke: an occupational hazard for hookah bar employees,” Tobacco Control 26(1): 40-45, January 2017.

Majeed, B.A.; Sterling, K.L.; Weaver, S.R.; Pechacek, T.F.; Eriksen, M.P., “Prevalence and harm perceptions of hookah smoking among U.S. adults, 2014-2015,” Addictive Behaviors 69: 78-86, January 2017.

Fedele, D.A.; Barnett, T.E.; Dekevich, D.; Gibson-Young, L.M.; Martinasek, M.; Jagger, M., “Prevalence of and beliefs about electronic cigarettes and hookah among high school students with asthma,” Annals of Epidemiology 26(12): 865-869, December 2016.

Kim, K.H.; Kabir, E.; Jahan, S.A., “Waterpipe tobacco smoking and its human health impacts,” Journal of Hazardous Materials 317: 229-236, November 5, 2016.

Elsayed, Y.; Dalibalta, S.; Abu-Farha, N., “Chemical analysis and potential health risks of hookah charcoal,” Science of the Total Environment 569-570: 262-268, November 1, 2016.

Bahelah, R.; DiFranza, J.R.; Ward, K.D.; Fouad, F.M.; Eissenberg, T.; Ben Taleb, Z.; Jaber, R.; Osibogun, O.; Maziak, W., “Correlates of nicotine dependence among adolescent waterpipe smokers,” Drug and Alcohol Dependence [Online ahead of print], November 1, 2016.

Salloum, R.G.; Asfar, T.; Maziak, W., “Toward a regulatory framework for the waterpipe,” American Journal of Public Health 106(10): 1773-1777, October 2016.

Wagoner, K.G.; Cornacchione, J.; Wiseman, K.D.; Teal, R.; Moracco, K.E.; Sutfin, E., “E-cigarettes, hookah pens and vapes: adolescent and young adult perceptions of electronic nicotine delivery systems,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 18(10): 2006-2012, October 2016.

Park, S.H.; Duncan, D.T.; El Shahawy, O.; Shearston, J.A.; Lee, L.; Tamura, K.; Sherman, S.E.; Weitzman, M., “Analysis of state-specific prevalence, regional differences, and correlates of hookah use in U.S. adults, 2012-2013,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], September 9, 2016.

Ramôa, C.; Shihadeh, A.; Salman, R.; Eissenberg, T., “Group waterpipe tobacco smoking increases smoke toxicant concentration,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 18(5): 770-776, May 2016.

Gurung, G.; Bradley, J.; Delgado-Saborit, J.M., “Effects of shisha smoking on carbon monoxide and PM2.5 concentrations in the indoor and outdoor microenvironment of shisha premises,” Science of The Total Environment 548-549: 340-346, April 1, 2016.

Zhou, S.; Behrooz, L.; Weitzman, M.: Pan, G.; Vilcassim, R.; Mirowsky, J.E.; Breysee, P.; Rule, A.; Gordon, T., “Secondhand hookah smoke: an occupational hazard for hookah bar employees,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], January 25, 2016.

Colditz J.B.; Ton, J.N.; James, A.E.; Primack, B.A., “Toward effective water pipe tobacco control policy in the United States: synthesis of federal, state, and local policy texts,” American Journal of Health Promotion [Online ahead of print], January 5, 2016.

Kates, F.R.; Salloum, R.G.; Thrasher, J.F.; Islam, F.; Fleischer, N.L.; Maziak, W., “Geographic proximity of waterpipe smoking establishments to colleges in the U.S.,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 50(1): E9-E14, January 1, 2016.

Noland, M.; Ickes, M.J.; Rayens, M.K.; Butler, K.; Wiggins, A.T.; Hahn, E.J., “Social influences on use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and hookah by college students,” Journal of American College Health [Online ahead of print], January 2016.

Zhou, S.; Weitzman, M.; Vilcassim, R.; Wilson, J.; Legrand, N.; Saunders, E.; Travers, M. ; Chen, L.C.; Peltier, R.; Gordon, T., “Air quality in New York City hookah bars,” Tobacco Control 24(e3): e193-e198, October 2015.

Al Mulla, A.; Fanous, N.; Seidenberg, A.B.; Rees, V.W., “Secondhand smoke emission levels in waterpipe cafes in Doha, Qatar,” Tobacco Control 24(e3): e227-e231, October 2015.

Munshi, T.; Heckman, C.J.; Darlow, S., “Association between tobacco waterpipe smoking and head and neck conditions: a systematic review,” Journal of the American Dental Association 146(10): 760-766, October 2015.

Salloum, R.G.; Osman, A.; Maziak, W.; Thrasher, J.F., “How popular is waterpipe tobacco smoking? Findings from internet search queries,” Tobacco Control 24(5): 509-513, September 2015.

Medford, M.A.; Gasier, H.G.; Hexdall, E.; Moffat, A.D.; Freiberger, J.J.; Moon, R.E., “Research report: charcoal type used for hookah smoking influences CO production,” Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine 42(4): 375-380, July 2015.

Wang, L.W.; He, E.Y.; Ghosh, D.; Day, R.O.; Jones, G.R.; Subbiah, R.N.; Holloway, C.J., “Severe carbon monoxide poisoning from waterpipe smoking: a public health concern,” Medical Journal of Australia 202(8): 446-447, May 4, 2015.

Barnett, T.E.; Soule, E.K.; Forrest, J.R.; Porter, L.; Tomar, S.L., “Adolescent electronic cigarette use: associations with conventional cigarette and hookah smoking,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine[Online ahead of print], March 31, 2015.

Maziak, W.; Taleb, Z.B.; Bahelah, R.; Islam, F.; Jaber, R.; Auf, R.; Salloum, R.G., “The global epidemiology of waterpipe smoking,” Tobacco Control 24(Suppl 1): i3-i12, March 2015.

Sterling, K.L.; Fryer, C.S.; Majeed, B.; Duong, M.M., “Promotion of waterpipe tobacco use, its variants and accessories in young adult newspapers: a content analysis of message portrayal,” Health Education Research 30(1): 152-161, February 2015.

Galanti, M.R.; Al-Adhami, M., “Use of water pipe is not alternative to other tobacco or substance use among adolescents: results from national survey in Sweden,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 17(1): 74-80, January 2015.

Sidani, J.E.; Shensa, A.; Primack, B.A., “Water pipe steam stones: familiarity and use among U.S. young adults,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 17(1): 114-118, January 2015.

Cinar, N.; Cakmak, V., “Is waterpipe smoking becoming increasingly widespread among the youth?,” Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 15(18): 8005-8006, December 2014.

Carroll, M.V.; Chang, J.; Sidani, J.E.; Barnett, T.E.; Soule, E.; Balbach, E.; Primack, B.A., “Reigniting tobacco ritual: waterpipe tobacco smoking establishment culture in the United States,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 16(12): 1549-1558, December 2014.

Markowicz, P.; Löndahl, J.; Wierzbicka, A.; Suleiman, R.; Shihadeh, A.; Larsson, L., “A study on particles and some microbial markers in waterpipe tobacco smoke,” Science of the Total Environment 499: 107-113, November 15, 2014.

Mohammad, Y.; Shaaban, R.; Hassan, M.; Yassine, F.; Mohammad, S.; Tessier, J.F.; Ellwood, P., “Respiratory effects in children from passive smoking of cigarettes and narghile: ISAAC Phase Three in Syria,” International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 18(11): 1279-1284, November 2014.

Pepper, J.K.; Eissenberg, T., “Waterpipes and electronic cigarettes: increasing prevalence and expanding science,” Chemical Research in Toxicology 27(8): 1336-1343, August 18, 2014.

Alomari, M.A.; Khabour, O.F.; Alzoubi, K.H.; Shqair, D.M.; Eissenberg, T., “Central and peripheral cardiovascular changes immediately after waterpipe smoking,” Inhalation Toxicology 26(10): 579-587, August 2014.

Layoun, N.; Saleh, N.; Barbour, B.; Awada, S.; Rachidi, S.; Al-Hajje, A.; Bawab, W.; Waked, M.; Salameh, P., “Waterpipe effects on pulmonary function and cardiovascular indices: a comparison to cigarette smoking in Real life situation,” Inhalation Toxicology 26(10): 620-627, August 2014.

Kassem, N.O.F.; Daffa, R.M.; Liles, S.; Jackson, S.R.; Kassem, N.O.; Younis, M.A.; Mehta, S.; Chen, M.; Jacob III, P.; Carmella, S.G.; Chatfield, D.A.; Benowitz, N.L.; Matt, G.E.; Hecht, S.S.; Hovell, M.F., “Children’s exposure to secondhand and thirdhand smoke carcinogens and toxicants in homes of hookah smokers,”

Nicotine and Tobacco Research 16(7): 961-975, July 2014.

Martinasek, M.P.; Ward, K.D.; Calvanese, A.V., “Change in carbon monoxide exposure among waterpipe bar patrons,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 16(7): 1014-1019, July 2014.

Sibai, A.M.; Tohme, R.A.; Almedawar, M.M.; Itani, T.; Yassine, S.I.; Nohra, E.A.; Isma’eel, H.A., “Lifetime cumulative exposure to waterpipe smoking is associated with coronary artery disease,”

Atherosclerosis 234(2): 454-460, June 2014.

Dugas, E.N.; O’Loughlin, E.K.; Low, N.C.; Wellman, R.J.; O’Loughlin, J.L., “Sustained waterpipe use among young adults,”

Nicotine and Tobacco Research 16(6): 709-716, June 2014.

St. Helen, G.; Benowitz, N.L.; Dains, K.L.; Havel, C.; Peng, M.; Jacob, III, P., “Nicotine and carcinogen exposure after water pipe smoking in hookah bars,” Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention [Online ahead of print], May 16, 2014.

Sharma, E.; Clark, P.I.; Sharp, K.E., “Understanding psychosocial aspects of waterpipe smoking among college students,” American Journal of Health Behavior 38(3): 440-447, May 2014.

Dagaonkar, R.S.; Udwadi, Z.F., “Water pipes and e-cigarettes: new faces of an ancient enemy,” Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 62(4): 324-328, April 2014.

Maziak, W., “The waterpipe: a new way of hooking youth on tobacco,” American Journal on Addictions 23(2): 103-107, March-April 2014.

Amrock, S.M.; Gordon, T.; Zelikoff, J.T.; Weitzman, M., “Hookah use among adolescents in the United States: results of a national survey,”Nicotine and Tobacco Research 16(2): 231-237, February 2014.

Ishtiaque, I.; Shafique, K.; Ul-Haq, Z.; Shaikh, A.R.; Khan, N.A.; Memon, A.R.; Mirza, S.S.; Ishtiaque, A., “Water-pipe smoking and albuminuria: new dog with old tricks,” Plos One 9(1): e85652, January 17, 2014.

Lee, Y.O.; Hebert, C.J.; Nonnemaker, J.M.; Kim, A.E., “Multiple tobacco product use among adults in the United States: cigarettes, cigars, electronic cigarettes, hookah, smokeless tobacco, and snus,” Preventive Medicine [Online ahead of print], January 16, 2014.

Lee, Y.O.; Bahreinifar, S.; Ling, P.M., “Understanding tobacco-related attitudes among college and noncollege young adult hookah and cigarette users,” Journal of American College Health 62(1): 10-18, January 2014.

Zeidan, R.K.; Rachidi, S.; Awada. S.; Hajje, A.E.; Bawab, W.E.; Salamé, J.; Bejjany, R.; Salameh, P., “Carbon monoxide and respiratory symptoms in young adult passive smokers: a pilot study comparing waterpipe to cigarette,” International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 27(4): 571-582, 2014.

Barnett, T.E.; Forrest, J.R.; Porter, L.; Curbow, B.A., “A multiyear assessment of hookah use prevalence among Florida high school students,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], December 17, 2013.

Sidani, J.E.; Shensa, A.; Barnett, T.E.; Cook, R.L.; Primack, B.A., “Knowledge, attitudes, and normative beliefs as predictors of hookah smoking initiation: a longitudinal study of university students,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], December 9, 2013.

Jukema, J.B.; Bagnasco, D.E.; Jukema, R.A., “Waterpipe smoking: not necessarily less hazardous than cigarette smoking: possible consequences for (cardiovascular) disease,” Netherlands Heart Journal[Online ahead of print], December 5, 2013.

Shihadeh, A.; Eissenberg, T.; Rammah, M.; Salman, R.; Jaroudi, E.; El-Sabban, M., “Comparison of tobacco-containing and tobacco-free waterpipe products: effects on human alveolar cells,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], December 3, 2013

CDC, “Tobacco product use among middle and high school students — United States, 2011 and 2012,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report62(45): 893-897, November 15, 2013.

Jawad, M.; McEwen, A.; McNeill, A.; Shahab, L., “The importance of addressing waterpipe tobacco smoking: research and policy responses,” Addiction 108(11): 1887-1888, November 2013.

Maynard, O.M.; Gage, S.H.; Munafo, M.R., “Are waterpipe users tobacco-dependent?,” Addiction 108(11): 1886-1887, November 2013.

Eissenberg, T.,”What can waterpipe tobacco smoking teach us about the need for a more rapid response to emerging non-communicable disease risks?,” Addiction 108(11): 1885-1886, November 2013.

Hammal, F.; Chappell, A.; Wild, T.C.; Kindzierski, W.; Shihadeh, A.; Vanderhoek, A.; Huynh, C.K.; Plateel, G.; Finegan, B.A., “‘Herbal’ but potentially hazardous: an analysis of the constituents and smoke emissions of tobacco-free waterpipe products and the air quality in the cafes where they are served,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], October 15, 2013.

Kassim, S.; Al-Bakri, A.; Al’absi, M.; Croucher, R., “Waterpipe tobacco dependence in U.K. male adult residents: a cross-sectional study,”Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], October 15, 2013.

Cobb, C.O.; Vansickel, A.R.; Blank, M.D.; Jentink, K.; Travers, M.J.; Eissenberg, T., “Indoor air quality in Virginia waterpipe cafés,” Tobacco Control 22(5): 338-343, September 2013.

Al Ali, R.; Rastam, S.; Ibrahim, I.; Bazzi, A.; Fayyad, S.; Shihadeh, A.L.; Zaatari, G.S.; Maziak, W., “A comparative study of systemic carcinogen exposure in waterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers and non-smokers,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], August 29, 2013.

Heinz, A.J.; Giedgowd, G.E.; Crane, N.A.; Veilleux, J.C.; Conrad, M.; Braun, A.R.; Olejarska, N.A.; Kassel, J.D., “A comprehensive examination of hookah smoking in college students: use patterns and contexts, social norms and attitudes, harm perception, psychological correlates and co-occurring substance use,” Addictive Behaviors 38(11): 2751-2760, July 23, 2013.

Jawad, M.; Bakir, A.M.; Ali, M.; Jawad, S.; Akl, E.A., “Key health themes and reporting of numerical cigarette-waterpipe equivalence in online news articles reporting on waterpipe tobacco smoking: a content analysis,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], July 18, 2013.

Jawad, M.; McEwen, A.; McNeill, A.; Shahab, L., “To what extent should waterpipe tobacco smoking become a public health priority?,” Addiction[Online ahead of print], July 17, 2013.

Akl, E.A.; Jawad, M.; Lam, W.Y.; Co, C.N.; Obeid, R.; Irani, J., “Motives, beliefs and attitudes towards waterpipe tobacco smoking: a systematic review,” Harm Reduction Journal 10(1): 12, July 2, 2013.

Ozkan, S.; Ozturk, T.; Ozmen, Y.; Durukan, P., “Syncope associated with carbon monoxide poisoning due to narghile smoking,” Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2013: 796857, 2013.

Karaca, Y.; Eryigit, U.; Aksut, N.; Turkmen, S., “Syncope associated with water pipe smoking,” BMJ Case Reports [Online ahead of print], 2013.

Jacob, P.; Abu Raddaha, A.H.; Dempsey, D.; Havel, C.; Peng, M.; Yu, L.; Benowitz, N.L., “Comparison of nicotine and carcinogen exposure with water pipe and cigarette smoking,” Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention [Online ahead of print], March 5, 2013.

Lee, Y.O.; Mukherjea, A.; Grana, R., “Hookah steam stones: smoking vapour expands from electronic cigarettes to waterpipes,”
Tobacco Control 22 (2): 136-137, March 2013.

Hampson, S.E.; Tildesley, E.; Andrews, J.A.; Barckley, M.; Peterson, M., “Smoking trajectories across high school: sensation seeking and hookah use, ” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], January 15, 2013.

Primack, B.A.; Land, S.R.; Fan, J.; Kim, K.H.; Rosen, D., “Associations of mental health problems with waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking among college students,” Subst.Use.Misuse. [Online ahead of print], January 10, 2013.

Noonan, D., “A descriptive study of waterpipe smoking among college students,” Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 25(1): 11-15, January 2013.

Nguyen, T.; Hlangothi, D.; Martinez, R.A.; Jacob, D.; Anthony, K.; Nance, H.; Saleh, M.A., “Charcoal burning as a source of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in waterpipe smoking,” Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes 48(12): 1097-1102, 2013.

Maher, J.E.; Morris, D.S.; Girard, K.E.; Pizacani, B.A., “Consequences of clean indoor air exemptions in Oregon: the hookah story,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], December 12, 2012.

Brockman, L.N.; Pumper, M.A.; Christakis, D.A.; Moreno, M.A., “Hookah’s new popularity among US college students: a pilot study of the characteristics of hookah smokers and their Facebook displays,” BMJ Open 2: e001709, December 12, 2012.

Clarke, S.F.; Stephens, C.; Farhan, M.; Ward, P.; Keshishian, C.; Murray, V.; Zenner, D., “Multiple patients with carbon monoxide toxicity from water-pipe smoking,” Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 27(6): 612-614, December 2012.

Maziak, W., “The waterpipe: an emerging global risk for cancer,” Cancer Epidemiology [Online ahead of print], November 26, 2012.

Sepetdjian, E.; Halim, R.A.; Salman, R.; Jaroudi, E.; Shihadeh, A.; Saliba, N.A., “Phenolic compounds in particles of mainstream waterpipe smoke,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], November 22, 2012.

Morris, D.S.; Fiala, S.C.; Pawlak, R., “Opportunities for policy interventions to reduce youth hookah smoking in the United States,”Preventing Chronic Disease E165, November 2012.

Primack, B.A.; Hopkins, M.; Hallett, C.; Carroll, M.V.; Zeller, M.; Dachille, K.; Kim, K.H.; Fine, M.J., “US health policy related to hookah tobacco smoking,” American Journal of Public Health 102(9): e47-e51, September 2012.

Cobb, C.O.; Sahmarani, K.; Eissenberg, T.; Shihadeh, A., “Acute toxicant exposure and cardiac autonomic dysfunction from smoking a single narghile waterpipe with tobacco and with a ‘healthy’ tobacco-free alternative,” Toxicology Letters [Online ahead of print], October 8, 2012.

Ashurst, J.V.; Urquhart, M.; Cook, M.D., “Carbon monoxide poisoning secondary to hookah smoking,” Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 112(10): 686-688, October 2012.

Joseph, S.; Pascale, S.; Georges, K.; Mirna, W., “Cigarette and waterpipe smoking decrease respiratory quality of life in adults: results from a national cross-sectional study,” Pulmonary Medicine, 2012.

Jarrett, T.; Blosnich, J.; Tworek, C.; Horn, K., “Hookah use among U.S. college students: results from the National College Health Assessment II,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 14(10): 1145-1153, October 2012.

Cobb, C.O.; Khader, Y.; Nasim, A.; Eissenberg, T., “A multiyear survey of waterpipe and cigarette smoking on a US university campus, “ Journal of American College Health 60(7): 521-527, October 2012.

Abughosh, S.; Wu, I.H.; Rajan, S.; Peters, R.J.; Essien, E.J., “Waterpipe smoking among students in one US university: predictors of an intention to quit,” Journal of American College Health 60(7): 528-535, October 2012.

Fiala, S.C.; Morris, D.S.; Pawlak, R.L., “Measuring indoor air quality of hookah lounges,” American Journal of Public Health [Online ahead of print], September 20, 2012.

Abughosh, S.; Wu, I.H.; Peters, R.J.; Hawari, F.; Essien, E.J., “Ethnicity and waterpipe smoking among US students,” International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease [Online ahead of print], September 18, 2012.

Nuzzo, E.; Shensa, A.; Kim, K.H.; Fine, M.J.; Barnett, T.E.; Cook, R.; Primack, B.A., “Associations between hookah tobacco smoking knowledge and hookah smoking behavior among US college students,” Health Education Research [Online ahead of print], September 17, 2012.

Shafique, K.; Mirza, S.S.; Mughal, M.K.; Arain, Z.I.; Khan, N.A.; Tareen, M.F.; Ahmad, I., “Water-pipe smoking and metabolic syndrome: a population-based study,” PLoS One 7(7): e39734, July 27, 2012.

Schubert, J.; Heinke, V.; Bewersdorff, J.; Luch, A.; Schulz, T.G., “Waterpipe Smoking: The role of humectants in the release of toxic carbonyls,” Archives of Toxicology [Online ahead of print], June 17, 2012.

Luch, A., “Waterpipe smoking: a new tobacco pandemic entailing severe health risks?,” Archives of Toxicology [Online ahead of print], June 10, 2012.

Primack, B.A.; Shensa, A.; Kim, K.H.; Carroll, M.V.; Hoban, M.T.; Leino, E.V.; Eissenberg, T.; Dachille, K.H.; Fine, M.J., “Waterpipe smoking among U.S. university students,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], May 28, 2012.

Radwan, G.; Hecht, S.S.; Carmella, S.G.; Loffredo, C.A., “Tobacco-specific nitrosamine exposures in smokers and nonsmokers exposed to cigarette or waterpipe tobacco smoke,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research[Online ahead of print], May 9, 2012.

Azab, M.; Khabour, O.F.; Alzoubi, K.H.; Anabtawi, M.M.; Quttina, M.; Khader, Y.; Eissenberg, T., “Exposure of pregnant women to waterpipe and cigarette smoke,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], May 9, 2012.

Noonan, D.; Kulbok, P.A., “Beliefs and norms associated with smoking tobacco using a waterpipe among college students,” Journal of Addictions Nursing [Online ahead of print], April 4, 2012.

Shishani, K.; Roll, J.; Armstrong, M., “Hookah use: going down in smoke,” Journal of Addictions Nursing [Online ahead of print], April 4, 2012.

Rice, V.H.; “Water pipe smoking among the young: the rebirth of an old tradition,” Nursing Clinics of North America 47(1): 141-148, March 2012.

Sivilotti, M.L.A.; Abu-Laban, R.B., “Inhaling smoke causes smoke inhalation: put that in your hookah pipe!,” Canadian Journal of Emergency 14(1): 3-4, January 1, 2012.

La Fauci, G.; Weiser, G.; Steiner, I.P.; Shavit, I., “Carbon monoxide poisoning in narghile (water pipe) tobacco smokers,” Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine 14(1): 57 – 59, January 1, 2012.

Smith, J.R.; Edland, S.D.; Novotny, T.E.; Hofstetter, C.R.; White, M.M.; Al-Delaimy, W.K.; Lindsay, S.P., “Increasing hookah use in California,” American Journal of Public Health [Online ahead of print], August 18, 2011.

Lipkus, I.M.; Eissenberg, T.; Schwartz-Bloom, R.D.; Prokhorov, A.V.; Levy, J., “Affecting perceptions of harm and addiction among college waterpipe tobacco smokers,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 13(7): 599-610, July 2011.

“Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking: General and Specific Populations: Abstract and Introduction: A Systematic Review,” BMC Public Health 2011.

Vansickel, A.R.; Shihadeh, A.; Eissenberg, T., “Waterpipe tobacco products: nicotine labelling versus nicotine delivery,” Tobacco Control [Online ahead of print], June 2, 2011.

Barnett, T.E.; Curbow, B.A.; Soule Jr., E.K.; Tomar, S.L.; Thombs, D.L., “Carbon monoxide levels among patrons of hookah cafes,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 40(3): 324-328, March 2011.

Jamil, H.; Janisse, J.; Fakhouri, M.; Arnetz, J.E.; Arnetz, B.B.; Elsouhag, D., “Do household smoking behaviors constitute a risk factor for hookah use?,” Nicotine & Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], January 31, 2011.

Blank, M.D.; Cobb, C.O.; Kilgalen, B.; Austin, J.; Weaver, M.F.; Shihadeh, A.; Eissenberg, T., “Acute effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking: a double-blind, placebo-control study,” Drug and Alcohol Dependence, [Online ahead of print], January 28, 2011.

Blosnich, J.R.; Jarrett, T.; Horn, K., “Racial and ethnic differences in current use of cigarettes, cigars, and hookahs among lesbian, gay, and bisexual young adults,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], January 27, 2011.

Fielder, R.L.; Carey, K.B.; Carey, M.P., “Prevalence, frequency, and initiation of hookah tobacco smoking among first-year female college students: a one-year longitudinal study,” Addictive Behavior [Online ahead of print], 2011.

Sepetdjian, E.; Saliba, N.; Shihadeh, A., “Carcinogenic PAH in waterpipe charcoal products,” Food and Chemical Toxicology [Online ahead of print], August 28, 2010.

Raad, D.; Gaddam, S.; Schunemann, H.J.; Irani, J.; Abou Jaoude, P.; Honeine, R.; Akl, E.A., “Effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking on lung function: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” Chest [Online ahead of print], July 29, 2010.

Cobb, C.; Ward, K.D.; Maziak, W.; Shihadeh, A.L.; Eissenberg, T. , “Waterpipe tobacco smoking: an emerging health crisis in the United States, American Journal of Health Behavior 34(3): 275-285, May-June 2010.

Dugas, E.; Tremblay, M.; Low, N.C.; Cournoyer, D.; O’Loughlin, J., “Water-pipe smoking among North American youths,” Pediatrics [Online ahead of print], May 10, 2010.

Jamil, H.; Elsouhag, D.; Hiller, S.; Arnetz, J.E.; Arnetz, B.B., “Sociodemographic risk indicators of hookah smoking among white Americans: a pilot study,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], March 22, 2010.

Rastam, S.; Li, F.-M.; Fouad, F.M.; Al Kamal, H.M.; Akil, N.; Al Moustafa, A.-E., “Water pipe smoking and human oral cancers,” Medical Hypotheses74(3): 457-459, March 2010.

Daher, N.; Saleh, R.; Jaroudi, E.; Sheheitli, H.; Badr, T.; Sepetdjian, E.; Al Rashidi, M.; Saliba, N.; Shihadeh, A., “Comparison of carcinogen, carbon monoxide, and ultrafine particle emissions from narghile waterpipe and cigarette smoking: sidestream smoke measurements and assessment of second-hand smoke emission factors,” Atmospheric Environment 44(1): 8-14, January 1, 2010.

Noonan, D., “Exemptions for hookah nars in clean indoor air legislation: a public health concern, Public Health Nursing 27(1): 49-53, January 2010.

Aljarrah, K.; Ababneh, Z.Q.; Al-Delaimy, W.K., “Perceptions of hookah smoking harmfulness: predictors and characteristics among current hookah users,” Tobacco Induced Diseases 5(1): 16, December 18, 2009.

Eissenberg, T.; Shihadeh, A., “Waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking: direct comparison of toxicant exposure,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 37(6): 518-523, December 2009.

Maziak, W.; Rastam, S.; Ibrahim, I.; Ward, K.D.; Shihadeh, A.; Eissenberg, T., “CO exposure, puff topography, and subjective effects in waterpipe tobacco smokers,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Online ahead of print], May 6, 2009.

Tavafian, S.S.; Aghamolaei, T.; Zare, S., “Water pipe smoking and health-related quality of life: a population-based study,” Archives of Iranian Medicine 12(3): 232-237, May 2009.

Grekin, E.R.; Ayna, D., “Argileh use among college students in the United States: an emerging trend,” Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 69(3): 472-475, May 2008.

Maziak, W.; Rastam, S.; Ibrahim, I.; Ward, K.D.; Eissenberg, T., “Waterpipe-associated particulate matter emissions,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 10(3): 519-523, March 2008.

Smith-Simone, S.; Maziak, W.; Ward, K.D.; Eissenberg, T., “Waterpipe tobacco smoking: knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior in two U.S. samples,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research: 10(2): 393-398, February 2008.

Neergaard, J.; Singh, P.; Job, J.; Montgomery, S., “Waterpipe smoking and nicotine exposure: a review of the current evidence,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 9(10): 987 – 994, October 2007.